Lenses come in a myriad of designs and configurations, but for the purposes of this discussion I
will break them down into three basic categories: Symmetrical, retrofocus and telephoto. These
three categories describe the basic configuration of the principal planes that are seen in most
SLR lenses. These categories have different meanings for normal and close-up photography.
For normal photography the principal planes mainly determine factors such as: compatibility with
the flange focal distance and also compactness of the design. These factors really don't interfere
significantly in the actual taking of the picture.
For close-up photography the planes significantly affect the optical function of the lens will
determine things like working distance, magnification, action when reversed. They will even have
some effect on resolution.
Basic SLR lens designs: Intro
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